WHAT IS DIABETIC EYE DIEASE:
High blood sugar over time can damage the tiny blood vessels in the eye, especially in the retina—the light-sensitive layer that allows you to see clearly. When these vessels swell, leak, or grow abnormally, vision can become blurry, distorted, or permanently damaged.
Diabetic eye disease can occur with Type 1, Type 2, or gestational diabetes, and often develops without any early warning signs. Because of this, regular diabetic eye exams are essential, even if your vision seems normal.
High blood sugar over time can damage the tiny blood vessels in the eye, especially in the retina—the light-sensitive layer that allows you to see clearly. When these vessels swell, leak, or grow abnormally, vision can become blurry, distorted, or permanently damaged.
Diabetic eye disease can occur with Type 1, Type 2, or gestational diabetes, and often develops without any early warning signs. Because of this, regular diabetic eye exams are essential, even if your vision seems normal.
MAIN TYPES OF ISSUES:
Diabetic Retinopathy:
Diabetic Retinopathy:
- The most common diabetic eye condition. Damaged retinal blood vessels can leak fluid or bleed, causing swelling, scar tissue, or abnormal new vessel growth. This can lead to sudden vision changes and lasting retinal complications.
- Swelling in the macula—the part of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision. This can lead to significant vision loss if untreated.
- People with diabetes are more likely to develop cataracts earlier and faster due to changes in the eye’s natural lens.
- Diabetes increases the risk of glaucoma, a condition that damages the optic nerve and can lead to permanent vision loss.
- Blurry or fluctuating vision
- Dark spots or floaters
- Difficulty seeing at night
- Faded or washed-out colors
- Blank or missing areas in your vision
- Sudden vision loss (medical emergency)
HIGH BLOOD SUGAR:
- Cause swelling in the retina
- Lead to bleeding inside the eye
- Increase eye pressure
- Speed up cataract formation
Protecting Your Vision:
- Keeping blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol within your target range
- Having a diabetic eye exam every year
- Quitting smoking
- Staying physically active
- Following your primary care doctor’s diabetes plan
- Continuing your eye health care